The Importance of Janes Early Life at Lowood to Shaping...

The Importance of Janes Early Life at Lowood to Shaping Her Character in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre When Charlotte BrontÃÆ' « set out to write Jane Eyre, she boldly promised her sisters: a heroine as plain and as small as myself, who shall be as interesting as any of yours. As promised, Jane appears decidedly plain, so little, so pale, with features so irregular and so marked, sensible but not at all handsome, queer and a little toad. The novel opens at Gateshead with Jane moving from childhood to puberty. Even at ten years of age, Jane feels that I can never get away from Gateshead till I am a woman and tells this to Mr Lloyd. She actually leaves by the end of Chapter 4.†¦show more content†¦The forced wearing of the uniform obliterates distinctions between all age groups young and older. Mr Brocklehurst, the self-righteous minister of Lowood, tells Miss Temple you are aware that my plan in bringing up these girls, is not to accustom them to luxury and indulgence, but to render them hardy, patient and self-denying. Mr Brocklehurst stresses the importance of plain clothing and humility (but his own family have long beautiful hair and are dressed richly). It was this influence that Jane was never able to shake and at Thornfield, she continued to wear dull clothes covered by a plain pinafore. She had, however, no influence over the clothes which Adele chose to wear. Even on her wedding day, Jane would no t conform by wearing elaborate headwear. Jane herself is very clear about the sort of demeanour that is required of a governess. When Rochester has guests at Thornfield, she knows she must shrink into the shade. She is expected to be present in the drawing room in the evening but not take part in the conversation unless directly addressed. She frequently refers to the plainness of her dress, and sometimes to her own lack of physical beauty, as appropriate to a governess. When she thinks she is about to marry Rochester, she is not really surprised at Mrs Fairfaxs opinion that it is unwise for her to move out of her own class and into his. BrocklehurstShow MoreRelatedEssay on Jane Eyre: An Orphan’s Success Story1750 Words   |  7 PagesJane Eyre: An Orphan’s Success Story       In Victorian literature, the orphan can be read as an unfamiliar and strange figure outside the dominant narrative of domesticity (Peters 18). They were often portrayed as poor children without a means of creating a successful life for themselves. Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre, however, is a portrayal of a female orphan who triumphs over almost every environment she enters. Therefore, Jane’s ability to overcome the hardships that she encounters is a fictional

Gender Identity - 1341 Words

Gender Identity Autumn Messina PSY/340 January 24, 2011 Melynda Marchi Gender Identity The development of our gender identity is influenced by both the biological nature of a person and society, but the biology is the foundation of our gender identity. In the following paragraphs I will be discussing the interaction between hormones and behavior, and how these interactions affect the determination of gender identity, the roles of biological factors nature and environmental influences, nurture on sexual differentiation and gender identity and which has the greater influence on gender identity: nature or nurture. Hormones and gender interaction will argue that biological psychology and environmental†¦show more content†¦As has been noted with the similarities between sexes when considering the chromosomes, we are left to conclude that the environmental influences are more affecting of sexual differentiation, but only on a superficial or general premise. For instance, if it is encouraged for girls to be more nurturing, they will grow up thinking that is how they are supposed to act. That does not mean that nurturing is caused by the hormones, but rather is caused by the environmental influences. Apart from the obvious differences in sexual organs of males and females, there are surprisingly very little differences between men and women on a psychological level. While we can theorize that women are more sensitive than men, these are usually sweeping generalizations and are not linked to biological influences caused by hormones, but rather are caused by the environment they grow up in. We can attribute the roles of culture and society to many of the ways that men and women act, and so there is significantly more influence from the nurture side when it comes to how males and females interact in the world than the nature side. However, during growth, the hormones play an important role in deciding the sex of the growing baby, as well as producing differences in sexual organs. So it is clear that there are two distinct influences on the bo dy, namely during growth and secondly during childhood. So we can conclude that while gender biological hormones at theShow MoreRelatedGender And Gender Identity And Development1303 Words   |  6 Pagesthroughout the years. However, gender identity and development is something that has been both misunderstood and misconstrued by people for quite some time. The differences between â€Å"gender† and â€Å"sex† is quite vast. According to John Carl: Gender is defined as the personal traits and position in society connected with being male or female. For instance, wearing high heels is associated with the female gender, while wearing combat boots is associated with the male gender. Gender is different from sex becauseRead MoreGender And : Gender Identity Disorder1287 Words   |  6 PagesGender Dysphoria, formerly known as Gender Identity Disorder, is described by the DSM-IV as a persistent and strong cross-gender identification and a persistent unease with ones sex. However, gender identity is not diagnosed as such if it is comorbid with a physical intersex condition. Gender dysphoria is not to be confused with sexual orientation, as people with gender dysphoria could be attracted to men, women, or both. According to an article written by, Australasian Sciences there are fourRead MoreThe Concept of Gender and Gender Identity1223 Words   |  5 Pages I am interested in the concept of gender and the deeper meaning of being considered a transgendered person. I feel that a lot of people do not know or care to know about these topics on a more in depth level. People who close their eyes to the idea that a person could be born with the physical aspects of a male yet have the psychological aspects of a female and vice versa, tend to be the ones who say that those people are going against nature or god. Discriminating against people on the principlesRead MoreGender And Gender Identity Disorder2178 Words   |  9 Pageswe re born, our gender identity is no secret. We re either a boy or a girl. Gender organizes our world into pink or blue. As we grow up, most of us naturally fit into our gender roles. Girls wear dresses and play with dolls. For boys, it s pants and trucks.† (Goldbur g, A.2007) However, for some, this is not the case. Imagine for a moment that you are a two year old boy drawn to the color pink, make up, and skirts. If this is the case than most likely, you are experiencing Gender Dysphoria, otherwiseRead MoreGender Identity Essay965 Words   |  4 PagesGender Identity Society should be more open minded with the topic of gender identity. Our society does not like rapid changes when they are publicly made; there is always a dispute or an opposition against those unexpected changes. The LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and asexual) community is the â€Å"rapid change† that society finds difficult to deal with. Although, this community has always existed, but it has never been publicly recognized like it is today. Gender IdentityRead MoreEssay Gender Identity1902 Words   |  8 PagesGender Identity Gender identity is an extremely relevant topic today. Many people have their own ideas on what is right and what is wrong for each gender to act, and these people are very vocal and opinionated about their ideas. One recent controversial story about gender identity was when a couple refused to tell anybody whether their child named Storm was a boy or a girl. Their oldest child, Jazz, who was originally born male, â€Å"always gravitated to dresses, the colour pink and opted for long hairRead MoreExploring Gender Identity And Gender Roles1809 Words   |  8 PagesEXPLORING GENDER IDENTITY, GENDER ROLES HOMOSEXUALITY Abstract Gender identity display people’s understanding of themselves according to cultural definitions of female and male. In this essay I will attempt to enhance our understanding by exploring different aspects of gender identity, gender roles sexual identity issues. Relying mostly on my research that is conducted in the U.S. EXPLORING GENDER IDENTITY, GENDER ROLES HOMOSEXUALITY Exploring Gender Identity, Gender Roles HomosexualityRead MoreGender Identity : Gender And Masculinity Essay1509 Words   |  7 PagesGender plays an enormous role in every society around the world. There are debates about whether gender is defined by strictly biological characteristics or social attributes. Others argue that gender is a spectrum, rather than the dichotomy of male and female. Masculinity and femininity are sets of attributes, roles and behaviors that are associated with men and boys and girls and women, respectively. Both masculinity and femininity have specific traits that are both biologically and socially definedRead MoreRacial Identity And Gender Identity879 Words   |  4 Pagesdons a pink bow on his head to become â€Å"Erica.† Meanwhile, Randy Marsh (as known as Lorde to most and Stan’s dad) must battle with his gender identity and that of his music as women at his work are uncomfortable with sharing a bathroom with him, therefore he must rece ive his own against his wishes. While both Cartman’s and Randy Marsh’s struggles with their gender identity revolve around the use of a bathroom, through the juxtaposition of the actions of shooting a school and becoming transgender, theRead MoreSocialisation, Personal Identity, Gender Identity And Gender Roles1313 Words   |  6 PagesSocialisation, Personal identity, Gender Identity and Gender Roles: Boundless.com defines ‘Socialisation’ as â€Å"a term used to refer to the lifelong process of inheriting and disseminating norms, customs and ideologies providing the individual with the skills and habits necessary for precipitating within one’s society, thus the means by which social and cultural continuity are attained† (Boundless.com, 2015). The process of socialisation involves an individual such as an adolescent to have interactions

What Is Drama but Life with the Dull Bits Cut Out free essay sample

Plays often do not show characters going through life’s basic needs such a going to the bathroom, feeling hungry or thirsty, walking from one room to another, or a character asleep unless there is value of it towards the story. These basic needs are known as the dull bits in life and are usually never shown during a play, hence the quote ‘‘what is drama but life with the dull bits cut out? ’’ These dull bits leave the audience feeling bored and that ruins the experience as they are not meant to become bored, they are meant to stay entertained and interested throughout the drama piece. The plays ‘’A Streetcar named Desire’’ by Tennessee Williams and ‘’Hedda Gabbler’’ by Henrik Ibsen are two works that can be used to relate towards the statement. In A Streetcar Named Desire the audience never sees the characters going through any of lives normal yet dull moments. The audience is able to see when the characters go off to bed, however the scenes do not show them asleep for the 8 hours, the play skips these parts and goes straight into the next scene where all of them are awake or are awakening. Blanche, one of the main characters from the play is often seen or heard taking her bath. Usually most plays would not show this, however the baths Blanche takes have a significant meaning for her character. They are a place where she always listens to a particular song and a place where she sings and relaxes, yet reminisces over her past. He baths represent her cleansing away her past in which she has done many devious things with many devious men and young boys. There is a scene where Mitch, another one of the main characters from A Streetcar Named Desire goes to the bathroom which is rejecting the statement, however, whilst on his way to the bathroom he meets Blanche who e talks to and later on in the play takes her out and is ready to in fact marry her. Usually when a character goes to the bathroom it is not shown, as it is also another one of life’s dull moments. Yet, because Mitch meets Blanche whilst he is in the bathroom, it becomes an important part of the play, keeping the audiences attention. The play Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen is another example which can be used to show that this statement can be applicable. Throughout the whole play, there is only one area shown, the Tesman’s living room and a smaller study to the side of it. All scenes in the play take part within these two areas, which shows that drama is life with the dull bits cut out as none of the characters are ever shown walking through the house to get a glass of water, or walking to the bathroom. The audience is told by the characters during the play that they are going to take a nap upstairs in their room or are leaving to go home, they never actually see them walk through the front doors, get in the car and leave. They simply see them walk out through the door of the living room and study doors on stage and are not shown where the characters go off to afterwards. The beginning of one of the scenes in Act 3 starts off with Mrs. Elvsted sitting on the couch and Hedda asleep on the couch. The play did not show the whole time Hedda was asleep or the time where Mrs. Elvsted had stayed up all night doing nothing whilst waiting for Ejlert Lovborg to return. It simply showed the important part, which was when Hedda wakes up, and Tesman arrives home after the bachelor party. There was nothing interesting about Hedda asleep or Mrs. Elvsted sitting up all night and that is why the play does not show it. If it did, the audience would be completely bored and would possibly end up leaving the theatre if they had to watch something like that. A major part of Hedda Gabler which easily supports the statement of ‘’what is drama but life with the dull bits cut out’’ is the beginning on the play where we can see Hedda and Tesman have just recently arrived home from their 6 month honeymoon which is not shown in the play. It was not shown because it is said to have been incredibly boring, it was 6 months of Tesman tudying books and Hedda having nothing to do and hardly anyone to talk to. Nothing interesting happened whilst they were on their honeymoon and if nothing interesting happened, it is not shown in the play because it would not entertain the audience. From these two plays it can be seen that the statement ‘’what is drama but life with the dull bits cut out’’ is easily applicable to most and possibly all plays. The dull bits of our l ives are never shown in plays, there is no reason to remember them or showcase them. Going to the toilet or eating and drinking is part of our everyday lives, its not important every single time we need to go to the bathroom. However, certain times during these dull moments have significance, they become important because of other events which take place during them. For example, when Stella catches the meat that Stanley has thrown her in A Streetcar Named Desire, usually this would be a boring household chore but it has significance as in a way it is showing that Stella is catching Stanley’s meat and it signifies her sexual infatuation with him. Different dull moments in plays that are shown usually all have a reason for being shown, there is no reason to show a character asleep for a long period of time as it bores the audience and the play is no longer considered entertaining. There is no reason to show a character walking through a house or a city so they can be seen attending a party in which a scene of the play actually takes place. It is boring and unless there is significant meaning to their journey from the one location to the other, there is no reason for it to be shown in the play. This results in the statement being accepted, as it is applicable to many and most plays.

Smoking Nature vs Nurture free essay sample

Scientists bombard us with new evidence to prove the addictive and deadly affects of the cigarette. As legislation in developed countries tightens so the tobacco manufacturers turn their attentions to less informed developing countries. It has been a great concern of what has caused people to start smoking. Debates and awareness rises of what might be the reason why people continue to smoke despite the negative effects that have been proven. What has come to this term paper’s concern is whether smoking is an the act of nature or the act of nurture. Nature here refers to ‘genetics’ of an individual which defined as the branch of biology that deals with heredity, especially the mechanisms of heredity transmission and the variation of inherited traits among similar or related organisms. On the other hand, nurture here refers to environment which defined as the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates. We will write a custom essay sample on Smoking: Nature vs Nurture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The title of this thesis, nature vs nurture concerns the relative importance of an individuals innate qualities (nature, i. e. nativism, or innatism) versus personal experiences (nurture, i. e. mpiricism or behaviorism) in determining or causing individual differences in physical and behavioral traits. In other words, it is an investigation of whether the habit of smoking is passed on through generation or it is the consequence of the living environment of an individual. Other than that, this thesis also includes the factors that triggered someone to start smoking and to maintain the habit despite the negative effect that they already aware of. Methods Methods are the way on getting information, data and visual aids (including chart, tables, and figures to summarize particular information) as eferences. In order to accomplish this thesis, two types of method are used which are internet and books. a) Internet sources Online journals, posters, information and guidance from resource ce ntre or national institute, surveys, reports, and researchers from Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration (SAMHSA). b) Books Hard copy materials are used to get more accurate and trusted information and data. Results Discussions Many people believe that the desire to smoke is pre-determined by our genetics, while others believe that outsiders (such as peers or tobacco companies) have a greater influence. In tests with twins, the effects of environment are easier to study because the issue of genetics has been neutralized. If smoking is really an act of nature, both twins would be smoking if the it has a smoking heredity from the parents. However, the results of the investigation show that it actually depends on the environment that the twins are living in. Which in this case, the twin that lives in an environment that triggered the act of smoking will smoke while the other twin that doesn’t have any environmental influence could be prevented from smoking. The potential reason for this continuing debate is man’s desire to exonerate himself of blame for his behavior. If certain behavior, such as a predisposition for drinking or smoking is related to genetics, then the person cannot be blamed for his behavior. After all, it’s human instinct to protect oneself. Unfortunately for these people, however, the conclusion of most scholarly work is that while genes provide the bases of our behavior, without certain environmental impacts, these predispositions will remain untouched. A major effort has long been underway to curb the worlds use of smoking tobacco. No-smoking signs are common fixtures in many businesses. State and federal laws increasingly restrict where people can smoke, and taxes on cigarettes and other tobacco products are higher than ever. Study after study shows a link between smoking and a host of health problems, including heart disease,  lung disease  and  cancer. According to the World Health Organization, 1 in 10 adults more than five million per year dies from tobacco-related illnesses. But still, people continue to smoke. According to the American Heart Association, in 2008 an estimated 24. million men and 21. 1 million women, 23. 1 percent and 18. 3 percent of the total population, respectively, were smokers. And despite all of the scientific evidence of tobaccos health dangers, and in the face of millions of dollars worth of public health advertising, nonsmokers are still being persuaded to take that first drag that can lead to lifelong addiction. So why do people smoking? Here are some reasons why people start to smoking: Stress Relief For people not suffering from severe mental illness, cigarettes may still become a form of self-medication. For decades, soldiers have taken up smoking on the battlefield to deal with wartime. For example, many people experiencing much lower levels of stress such as in a high-pressure job, they may start to smoke as a way to manage the tension and nerves associated with the situation. Media Influences Smoking in the media can have the same influence as fashion or the appearance of a trendy gadget in an actors hand. Studies have suggested that when young viewers see a main character smoking, theyre more likely to see smoking as something socially acceptable, stylish and desirable. Adding to this problem is what some researchers see as the media over-representing smoking: By some estimates, a disproportionately large number of film characters smoke. Self-medication For some, smoking is essentially a way to self-medicate for illnesses that cause tension and pain. Patients suffering from some forms of mental illness, such as depression or anxiety disorders, may take up smoking because it can help mitigate some of their symptoms. Advertising Research has suggested that, worldwide, tobacco advertising plays a role in the number of people who start or stop smoking. This is not news for public health officials, who, in many nations, began fighting smoking-related illness by restricting tobacco advertising. A 1975 ban on tobacco advertising in Norway, for example, helped reduce long-term smoking prevalence in that nation by 9 percent. Parental influence The relationship between parents smoking and their children smoking is blunt: Children of active smokers are more likely to start smoking than children of nonsmokers, or children of parents who quit smoking. According to some studies, a parents choice to smoke can more than double the odds that the child will smoke. Social rewards This reason for smoking is tied to peer pressure, although its a little more complex and has the potential to affect more than just peer-pressure-sensitive tweens and teens. In short, social rewards are the gifts people feel they receive when participating in a group activity. Most often, this means some form of acceptance: Smokers at an office building who take cigarette breaks at similar times may bond while they smoke. Likewise, the relationship struck when one smoker asks another, Got a light? gives the participants a feeling of acceptance and camaraderie Peer pressure While there are certainly other influences that can lead a smoker into the habit, peer pressure is one of the biggest. A large part of the reason peer pressure comes under scrutiny is that one of the groups most likely to begin smoking young teenagers is also one of the most susceptible to peer pressure. Recommendations For all the intense efforts to reduce smoking in America over the past two deca des, the progress has not been stellar. Today one in four men and one in five women still smoke. For those who never smoked, this is a befuddling fact. Don’t smokers understand that cigarettes are the number one killer in America, that they dramatically increase risk for heart disease, stroke, cancer, high blood pressure, and almost every other health concern, small or large? How could any habit be worth this? Truth is, most smokers do understand. They also understand the huge financial toll of smoking, with a pack of 20 cigarettes costing $10 in some areas. Then why do millions still smoke? In good part, because the nicotine in cigarettes is highly addictive. In good part, because smoking provides psychological comfort to some people. Perhaps most of all, because quitting smoking is so hard. Researchers and businesses have responded strongly to the last point. Never have there been so many tools, systems, and programs available for quitting smoking. And with every month that passes, there is more research showing the benefits of quitting, and the drawbacks of not quitting. Here are some ways on how to stop smoking habit. 1. Make an honest list of all the things you like about smoking. 2. Then, make another list of why quitting won’t be easy. . Set a quit date. 4. Write all your reasons for quitting on an index card. 5. . As you’re getting ready to quit, stop buying cartons of cigarette. 6. Prepare a list of things to do when a craving hits. 7. When your quit date arrives, throw out anything that reminds. 8. Instead of a cigarette break at work, play a game of solitaire on your computer. 9. Switch to a cup of herbal tea whene ver you usually have a cigarette. 10. Quit when you’re in a good mood. Conclusion In a nutshell, we can conclude that smoking is actually is nothing to do with genetics. Even though people might assume it as a heredity effect when a child of smoking parents smokes, it is actually the influence of their environment (which is the parents) that triggered the child to stop smoking. It is not inside the genes of the individual and is merely an act of will of the individual himself. We have come to the conclusion that the environment of the individual plays an important role in determining whether the individual will choose to smoke or not. References Website 1. http://www. gasp. org. gg/history-of-smoking. tm retrieved on 12 May 2013. 2. http://quitsmoking. about. com/od/tobaccostatistics/Smoking_Statistics_Tobacco_Use_and_How_it_Affects_Us. htm retrieved on 12 May 2013. 3. http://health. howstuffworks. com/wellness/smoking-cessation/10-reasons-people-start-smoking1. htm retrieved on 14 May 2013. 4. http://www. healthpolcom. com/blog/2008/06/04/nature-v-nurture-%E2%80%93-smoking-and-other-complex-problems/ retrieved on 14 May 2013. 5. http://www. rd. com/ health/wellness/25-ways-to-stop-smoking-cigarettes/ retrieved on 15 May 2013. Books 1. Farkas, A. J Gilpin E. A White M. M amp; Pierce J. P (2000). Association between household and workplace smoking restrictions and adolescent smoking. Journal of American Medical Association, 284, 717-722. 2. Azjen, I. , amp; Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall International. 3. de Leeuw, R. N. , Engels, R. C. , amp; Scholte, R. H. (2010). Parental smoking and pretend smoking in young children. Tobacco Control, 19, 201–205.